Further defining the language impairment of autism: Is there a specific language impairment subtype?

Abstract
Some children with autism demonstrate poor nonword repetition—a deficit considered to be a
psycholinguistic marker of specific language impairment (SLI). The present study examined whether
there is an SLI subtype among children with autism. We compared the language abilities of children
with SLI (n = 34, M age = 11;10 S.D. = 2;3), and children with autism with (Apoor, n = 18, M
age = 10;11 S.D. = 3;1) and without (Aapp, n = 16, M age = 10;8 S.D. = 2;7) structural language
difficulties. Participants were administered battery of standardized language and memory tests.

Although there were some similarities in the language profile of the SLI and Apoor groups, the two
groups differed on the tests of oromotor ability and verbal short-term memory and showed a different
pattern of errors on the nonword repetition task. These findings providing evidence against the idea of
an SLI subtype in autism. Further analyses suggested that the nonword repetition deficits experienced
by some children with autism may arise when there is substantial impairment in multiple autistic
domains.
Learning outcomes: Readers will be introduced to (a) the current state of behavioral, cognitive
and genetic research that has investigated the relation between SLI and autism, and (b) three
hypotheses of why there exists similarity in the language characteristics of children with SLI and
autism. Readers will then be taken through a detailed comparison of the language and memory
abilities of group of children with each diagnosis. A theoretical model that seeks to explain the
relation between these two disorders will be discussed....................
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